The aim of this focus action was to obtain an overview of the levels of glycidyl fatty acid esters (GE), 3-MCPD (free 3-monochloropropanediol) and 3-MCPD esters (3-monochloropropanediol esters) in vegetable fats and oils used as a food ingredient in ready-to-eat meals, soups, hazelnut cre-men, margarine, children's foods, etc. 73 samples from all over Austria were examined.

• None of the tested samples was objectionable.

Free MCPD (3- and 2-monochloropropanediol) and their esters as well as glycidyl fatty acid esters belong to the process contaminants, as these substances are mainly formed during the production of vegetable fats and oils.

3-MCPD is considered to be possibly carcinogenic to humans. In 2018, a group TDI of 2 µg/kg body weight per day was set by EFSA. No such limit exists for 2-MCPD to date. The effects on the organism have not been sufficiently investigated.

Glycidyl fatty acid esters are broken down in the body and glycidol is released. This substance is considered to be probably carcinogenic and mutagenic. Intake via food should therefore be as low as possible. Since March 19, 2018, maximum levels for glycidyl fatty acid esters, expressed as glycidol in vegetable fats and oils, as well as for infant formula and follow-on milk have been in force.