The aim of this focal action was to check the mycotoxin contamination of wheat and rye on the domestic market. Throughout Austria, 41 samples from conventional and organic cultivation were examined. No sample had to be rejected. Mycotoxins are natural metabolic products of lower fungi, such as molds. They are toxic, and in some cases they can contribute to the development of cancer in humans and animals. Very high levels can have an acute toxic effect; chronic ingestion of low levels can lead to organ damage.